YOUR DENTIST

Clinical Correlate
PHARYNGEAL ARCH ABNORMALITIES
PIERRE ROBIN
First reported as a condition characterized by micrognathia, cleft, palate, and glossoptosis. Now includes any condition with a series of anomalies caused by events initiated by singel malformation.
In this micrognathia, the inferior dental arch is posterior to the superior arch. The cleft palate may affect the heart and soft palate. Glossoptosis (posterior displacement of the tongue) may cause air way obstruction or abnea. The mandible usually grows fairy quickly during childhood. Multiple surgeries typically needed to correct the cleft palate and to aid speech development in children.

Clinical Correlate
PHARYNGEAL ARCH ABNORMALITIES
TREACHER COLLINS

A hereditary condition affecting the head and neck. Thought to be caused by a defect in the gene or chromosome 5. Children of an affected parent have a 50% risk of having the syndrome.

Clinical manisfestations include:
• Downslanting eyes
• Notching of the lower eyelids
• Hypoplastic mandible
• Hypoplastic Zygomatic bones (zygomas)
• Underdeveloped or malformed ears or "sideburns," or both, are prominent.

Common associated problems include:
• Hearing loss
• Eating/breathing difficulties
• Cleft palate